Something we touched on in class, that I would love to dive deeper into here on the blog is some of the changes in form we see here in Drum Taps from Whitman. In class we discussed how the entirety of “Vigil Strange I Kept on the Field One Night” is one sentence, with only one period at the end. This is something, that looking back, Whitman does a lot in Drum-Taps. Is it intention and impact in other poems the same as it is in “Vigil?” To stick with this idea of form-what did you make of the shifting speakers in “Song of the Banner at Daybreak?” What effect does it have and why does Whitman do this? We haven’t read a poem yet in which Whitman clearly states a change in speaker as he does here—to me it felt almost more script like, like a conversation. But do each of the speakers play the same role? Are they talking to each other?
If we want to look more closely at the content, one phrase from the Murray piece we read I think perfectly encapsulates Whitman’s role in the civil war, that he was a “sustainer of spirit and body in some degree, in time of need.” In what ways do you see this role played out in Drum-Taps? How does he do this “sustaining?”


I am so glad you mentioned this poem. It was my favorite in Drum Taps! It felt like Whitman’s version of an Epic with the Poet as orator. Each speaker has their own perspective, a different argument and goal. The Poet sets the scene, facilitates the conversation, comments on it, and records/recounts all– both in the present and “for a thousand years chanting” (424).
The banner and pennant are patriotic voices, seductive, siren-like calls to battle for America, “Come up here, soul, soul, / Come up here, dear little child, / To fly in the clouds and winds with me”. The winds refer to the literal pennant flapping, but also suggests a spirit watching from above, that the child being called to fight will surely be killed. The pennant romanticizes the war, but also operates as an embodiment and voice for it. The pennant and banner’s goal throughout is to lure the child into war and death, quite effectively. They are even self-aware of this, the banner says “Demons and death then I sing,” and ” We may be terror and carnage, and are so now, Not now are we any of those haughty / States”(424). It minimizes the reality of the call to arms, the sure deaths, by firing up the listener about the enemy. The haughty states, the south.
The father throughout is hopelessly trying to keep his son from the seductions of the banner and pennant, and is made out to be a bit of a coward. The poet speaker seems to reckon with all of these points, but makes the horror of the conflict very clear, describing the banner, the metaphor for war (and America?), “Valueless, object of eyes, over all and demanding all– / (absolute owner of all)– O banner and pennant!” These two lines startled me with how damning they are by the poet, exposing how deadly the war is, “demanding all”.
Whitman is a man who sings of the power of the body and soul, the power of humanity and Americans. Here he is saying they do not own themselves, that the war has forced them to belong instead to the nation. The feeling of individual powerlessness and destruction throughout this poem was intense. I believe overall its aim is to show the warring perspectives and discourses of the war while also grappling with the way the poet/the written word/Whitman has an immense power to shape both the present and future of the nation. I could go on about this poem forever but I’ll stop for all our sakes. AHHHHHH!!!! *RANT OVER*
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